Centrifugal Compressor working principle?

Working principle of Centrifugal Compressor:-

The centrifugal Compressor increases the pressure air by first creating a very high velocity and then some amount of kinetic energy of moving air into high static pressure by Centrifugal force.

Constructionand and Working:-

• A Single stage centrifugal Compressor consist of an impeller to which a number of curved vanes are fitted symmetrically.
• The impeller rotates it pushes the air from the centre of the impeller to it's periphery by centrifugal force.
• The high speed of impeller leaves the air with high velocity at vane tips of the impeller.
• The kinetic energy thus attained at the impeller outlet is converted into pressure energy,when the high velocity air passes over the diffuser.
• The diffuser is normally a vane less pipe as it permits more efficient part load operation.
• The volute casing collects the air from the diffuser and it further converts kinetic energy into pressure energy it leaves the compressed air to outlet.

Advantages of Centrifugal Compressor over reciprocating Compressor:-

• The Working life of Centrifugal Compressor is more as Compared to reciprocating Compressor, because of absence of Valves,Connecting rod etc.
• Due to absence of Reciprocating parts, lubrication is simple and maintenance cost is less.
• The operation is noiseless 
• It's free from vibration.
• The efficiency of Centrifugal Compressor is considerably high.

Disadvantages of Centrifugal Compressor as compared to Reciprocating Compressor:-

• The main disadvantage in Centrifugal Compressor is surging,which causes severe stress conditions in it.Surging is the reversal of flow of air.
• The pressure increases per stage is considerably less as compared to Reciprocating Compressors.
  

                     Centrifugal Compressor



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